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monumental propaganda
Lenin's Plan of "Monumental Propaganda" – is a strategy proposed by Lénin of employing visual monumental art (revolutionary slogans and monumental sculpture) as an important means for propagating revolutionary and communist ideas. "The plan" had the significance of creating a large demand for monumental sculpture on a state level, and thus it stands at the origins of the Soviet school of sculpture. The "plan" consisted of two main projects: (1) – decorating buildings and other surfaces "traditionally used for banners and posters" with revolutionary slogans and memorial relief plaques; (2) – vast erection of "temporary, plaster-cast" monuments in honor of great revolutionary leaders.〔Lunacharskiy, A. "Lenin i iskusstvo" (Lenin and the Arts). ''Stat'yi ob iskusstve'' (an anthology). Moscow, Leningrad, 1941. pp.449–450.〕
==Plan==
Realization of the plan was initiated with a decree issued by Sovnarkom (the Council of People's Commissars) "On Republic's monuments" (sanctioned April 12, 1918), which ordained removal of monuments "erected in honor of tzars and their servants"〔From the beginning of the 19th century up to the October Revolution in 1917 only 11 monuments dedicated to individuals were erected in Moscow (not counting tomb statues at cemeteries). 4 of these 11 sculptures were taken down by the Soviet government: ''monument to Alexander II'' by A. Opekúshin in Kremlin, ''monument to Moscow's governor prince S. Romanov'' also in Kremlin, ''monument to Alexander III'' by A. Opekúshin near the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Volkhónka St., and ''monument to General M. Skóbelev'' by A. Samsónov at Tverskáya Square (former Skóbelev Square) (Shefov, A., p.48, refer to the Sources section below).〕 and the development of projects for monuments to the Russian Socialist Revolution" .〔published in ''Izvestiya'' and ''Pravda'' on 14 April 1918.〕 The section of visual arts of Narkompros (People's Commissariat for Education) drew up a list of personalities in honor of whom the monuments were to be erected.〔published in ''Iskusstvo'' 1918, №2/6: p.16. – the final edition of the list signed by Lenin was published in ''Izvestiya'' on 2 August 1918.〕 Included in the list were not only revolutionaries and great public figures but also great Russian and foreign scientists, philosophers, poets and writers, artists, composers and actors – 69 persons in all. In addition to sculptures of individuals the plan of monumental propaganda also assumed projects for allegorical compositions.
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